Refers to a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from those for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to presentations found in non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or in unstable angina. It is almost always associated with rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and partial or complete thrombosis of the infarct-related artery.

It is the industrial production name for 3D printing, a computer controlled process that creates three dimensional objects by depositing materials, usually in layers

The resuscitation of dying patients. ACLS involves management of the airway, reestablishment of breathing, and the restoration of spontaneous heart rhythm, blood pressure, and organ perfusion. It begins with the recognition of cardiac or respiratory emergencies, and includes cardiopulmonary resuscitation, defibrillation, endotracheal intubation, oxygenation and ventilation, medications for restoring normal cardiac rhythms and cardiac output, cardiac pacing (when needed), and post-resuscitation care. It may begin in the out-of-hospital setting or take place in the hospital.

An advanced set of algorithms and protocols that extend past Basic Life Support to further assist the injured or ill patient in opening up their airways, breathing and getting air throughout the body, and promoting blood circulation in emergency situations

An ambulance equipped with cardiac monitor/defibrillator/pacemaker, advanced airway equipment such as endotracheal tubes and laryngoscopes, and medications used to treat common medical emergencies such as allergic reactions, cardiac arrests, and difficulty breathing.

A protocol for managing trauma victims and designed to maximise management in the first (“golden”) hour after trauma and ensure an optimal long-term outcome. ATLS is usually performed by a team, with one team member securing the airway, another inserting venous cannula and another exposing the patient. The team leader should constantly repeat the protocol in further assessments to stabilise the patient, and plan for further management or definitive care.

Committee, commission, board or association as a third party.

Distinct abnormal pattern of breathing and brainstem reflex characterized by gasping, labored breathing, accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus.

Training for EMS practitioners capable of providing immediate aid to patients of different age groups.

It is an unpaid, uncompensated workers who willingly give their time and effort to emergency preparedness and response activities